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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kyltkaltem | om kyltkalte |
| 2SG: | kyltkaltet | ot kyltkalte |
| 3SG: | kyltkalta | ok/ogeʃ kyltkalte |
| 1PL: | kyltkaltena | ona/ogəna kyltkalte |
| 2PL: | kyltkalteda | oda/ogəda kyltkalte |
| 3PL: | kyltkaltat | ogət kyltkalte |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kyltkaltəʃəm | ʃəm kyltkalte |
| 2SG: | kyltkaltəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ kyltkalte |
| 3SG: | kyltkaltəʃ | əʃ kyltkalte |
| 1PL: | kyltkaltəʃna | əʃna kyltkalte |
| 2PL: | kyltkaltəʃda | əʃda kyltkalte |
| 3PL: | kyltkaltəʃt | əʃt kyltkalte |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kyltkaltenam | kyltkalten oməl |
| 2SG: | kyltkaltenat | kyltkalten otəl |
| 3SG: | kyltkalten | kyltkalten ogəl |
| 1PL: | kyltkaltenːa | kyltkalten onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | kyltkaltenda | kyltkalten odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | kyltkaltenət | kyltkalten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kyltkaltem əʎe | om kyltkalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | kyltkaltet əʎe | ot kyltkalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | kyltkalta əʎe | ok/ogeʃ kyltkalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | kyltkaltena əʎe | ona/ogəna kyltkalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | kyltkalteda əʎe | oda/ogəda kyltkalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | kyltkaltat əʎe | ogət kyltkalte əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kyltkaltem ulmaʃ | om kyltkalte ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | kyltkaltet ulmaʃ | ot kyltkalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | kyltkalta ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ kyltkalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | kyltkaltena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna kyltkalte ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | kyltkalteda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda kyltkalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | kyltkaltat ulmaʃ | ogət kyltkalte ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kyltkaltenam əʎe | kyltkalten oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | kyltkaltenat əʎe | kyltkalten otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | kyltkalten əʎe | kyltkalten ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | kyltkaltenːa əʎe | kyltkalten onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | kyltkaltenda əʎe | kyltkalten odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | kyltkalten əʎe | kyltkalten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kyltkaltenam ulmaʃ | kyltkalten oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | kyltkaltenat ulmaʃ | kyltkalten otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | kyltkalten ulmaʃ | kyltkalten ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | kyltkaltenːa ulmaʃ | kyltkalten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | kyltkaltenda ulmaʃ | kyltkalten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | kyltkalten ulmaʃ | kyltkalten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kyltkalte | it kyltkalte |
| 3SG: | kyltkaltəʒe | ənʒe kyltkalte |
| 1PL: | (kyltkaltena) | (ona/ogəna kyltkalte) |
| 2PL: | kyltkaltəza | ida kyltkalte |
| 3PL: | kyltkaltəʃt | ənəʃt kyltkalte |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kyltkaltənem | ənem kyltkalte |
| 2SG: | kyltkaltənet | ənet kyltkalte |
| 3SG: | kyltkaltəneʒe | əneʒ kyltkalte |
| 1PL: | kyltkaltənena | ənena kyltkalte |
| 2PL: | kyltkaltəneda | əneda kyltkalte |
| 3PL: | kyltkaltəneʃt | əneʃt kyltkalte |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kyltkaltənem əʎe | ənem kyltkalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | kyltkaltənena əʎe | ənet kyltkalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | kyltkaltəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ kyltkalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | kyltkaltənena əʎe | ənena kyltkalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | kyltkaltəneda əʎe | əneda kyltkalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | kyltkaltəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt kyltkalte əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kyltkaltənet ulmaʃ | ənet kyltkalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | kyltkaltəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ kyltkalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kyltkaltəneda ulmaʃ | əneda kyltkalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | kyltkaltəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt kyltkalte ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kyltkaltaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kyltkaltəman |
| Active participle: | kyltkaltəʃe |
| Passive participle: | kyltkaltəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kyltkaltəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | kyltkaltədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kyltkalten |
| Negative gerund: | kyltkaltəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kyltkaltəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kyltkaltəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kyltkaltəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | kyltkaltəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | kyltkaltədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||